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Câu trực tiếp gián tiếp là một chủ điểm ngữ pháp quan trọng và được sử dụng nhiều trong ngữ pháp tiếng Anh.
Trong bài viết này, IELTS LangGo sẽ hệ thống lại kiến thức cơ bản và tổng hợp các bài tập câu trực tiếp gián tiếp đi kèm đáp án chi tiết. Hãy cùng tham khảo và thực hành ngay để nắm vững kiến thức này nhé!
Đầu tiên các bạn cùng IELTS LangGo ôn lại khái niệm, nắm các quy tắc chuyển đổi để thực hành các dạng bài tập câu trực tiếp gián tiếp dễ dàng hơn nhé!
Câu trực tiếp (Direct speech) là câu thuật lại hoặc trích dẫn một cách chính xác từng từ trong lời nói hay diễn đạt của người nói, đặt trong dấu ngoặc kép.
Ví dụ:
Câu gián tiếp (Indirect speech) là câu tường thuật lại lời nói, đúng ý nhưng không cần cần chính xác từng từ, không dùng dấu ngoặc kép.
Ví dụ:
Sau đây là 4 bước cơ bản để chuyển câu trực tiếp sang gián tiếp:
Cùng IELTS LangGo đi vào chi tiết từng bước để nắm rõ phương pháp giải đáp các bài tập về câu trực tiếp gián tiếp:
Bước 1: Xác định động từ tường thuật phù hợp
Khi chúng ta tường thuật với ai đó về điều người khác đã nói, chúng ta thường sử dụng các động từ say, tell hoặc ask. Tuy nhiên, tùy thuộc vào ngữ cảnh, các bạn có thể sử dụng các động từ tường thuật khác như advise, agree, demand, …
Các bạn cần chú ý 2 nhóm động từ tường thuật thông dụng sau:
Động từ tường thuật + To infinitive
Các động từ như: advise, agree, challenge, claim, decide, demand, encourage, invite, offer, persuade, promise, refuse, remind,... thường theo sau là các động từ nguyên thể có To
Ví dụ:
=> They advised us not to give your password to someone. (Họ khuyên chúng tôi không nên đưa mật khẩu của mình cho ai đó.)
Chúng ta cũng có thể sử dụng động từ tường thuật để diễn đạt mệnh lệnh như tell, order, instruct, direct, warning.
Ví dụ:
=> My neighbor warned us not to play there. (Hàng xóm của tôi đã cảnh báo chúng tôi không được chơi ở đó.)
Động từ tường thuật + V-ing
Các động từ như admit, apologise for, complain about, deny, insist on, mention và suggest đều có thể tuân theo mẫu hình thức -ing.
Ví dụ:
=> He admitted breaking their vase. (Anh thừa nhận đã làm vỡ chiếc bình của họ.)
=> He suggested having a cup of tea. (Anh ấy đề nghị uống một tách trà.)
Bước 2: Xác định và thay đổi thì của động từ
Khi thực hiện các bài tập chuyển câu trực tiếp sang gián tiếp, cần lùi thì của động từ. Cụ thể:
Bước 3: Thay đổi chủ ngữ, tân ngữ, đại từ sở hữu, đại từ chỉ định
Chủ ngữ
Tân ngữ
Đại từ sở hữu
Đại từ chỉ định
Bước 4: Thay đổi các trạng từ chỉ địa điểm, thời gian
Các bạn có thể xem chi tiết hơn tại Cách chuyển câu Trực tiếp sang Gián tiếp nhé.
Sau khi review lại lý thuyết về câu trực tiếp gián tiếp, các bạn hãy bắt tay vào là một số bài tập về câu trực tiếp gián tiếp được IELTS LangGo tổng hợp dưới đây nhé.
Bài 1: Bài tập chuyển câu trực tiếp sang gián tiếp
1. Peter said: “He can not help you tomorrow.”
Peter said ………………………….
2. “He works in a post office,” My sister said.
My sister said that ………………………….
3. “What are you writing?” he asked me.
He asked me ………………………….
4. “Two of you stole my wallet,” said Kim.
Kim accused us ………………………….
5. “Turn off the light,” my mother said.
My mother told them ………………………….
6. “I want a white skirt for my birthday,” my little sister said.
My little sister said that ………………………….
7. “Will you come to my wedding party?” Nataly said to them.
Nataly invited them ………………………….
8. “Breakfast will be served after 6 a.m.” said my maid.
My maid said ………………………….
9. “Are you going by motorbike?” my classmate asked him.
My classmate wanted to ………………………….
10. “Don’t forget to turn off the air conditioner.” She said.
She reminded me ………………………….
11. “I don’t like this pink pillow,” he said.
He told me ………………………….
12. “Did you see the white dog?” He asked me.
He asked me ………………………….
13. “What would you do if you passed all of the challenges?” My leader asked me.
My leader asked me ………………………….
14. “Give me the blue hat,” Harley told him.
Selena asked him ………………………….
15. My dad said: “Where are you going on your honeymoon this week?
My dad asked me ………………………….
Bài 2. Bài tập câu trực tiếp gián tiếp trắc nghiệm
1. Tom said: ”I have not talked to Jerry since last year.”
A. Tom said he has not talked to Jerry since the previous year.
B. Tom said he had not talked to Jerry since the previous year.
C. Tom said he was not talked to Jerry since the previous year.
D. Tom said he doesn’t talked to Jerry since the previous year.
2. The girl said, “You can park here!”
A. The girl said that we may park here.
B. The girl said to us that we were able to park here.
C. The girl told us that we could park there.
D. The girl forbade us to park here.
3. John said, “ I want to give up all of my duties.” => He said that _____________.
A. He wants to give up all of his duties
B. He wanted to give up all of my duties
C. I wanted to give up all of his duties
D. He wanted to give up all of his duties
4. “I’ve been playing badminton a lot lately,” she said.
A. She said that I have been playing badminton a lot lately.
B. She said that she has been playing badminton a lot lately.
C. She said that she had been playing badminton a lot lately.
D. She said that she is playing badminton a lot lately.
5. “I want to have a date but I don’t know where to go.” – said Sarah.
=> Sarah said that _________________________________________.
A. she wanted to have a date but she doesn’t know where to go.
B. she wants to have a date but she didn’t know where to go.
C. she wanted to have a date but she didn’t know where to go.
D. I wanted to have a date but I didn’t know where to go.
6. My colleague said he _______ collect essential documents for our boss.
A. must
B. would
C. did
D. had
7. She said to her boyfriend, “Don’t tell me such nonsense again!”
A. She told her boyfriend not to tell her such nonsense again.
B. She told her boyfriend to tell her such nonsense again.
C. She told her boyfriend not to tell him such nonsense again.
D. She told her boyfriend to tell them such nonsense again.
8. The trainer told me that Christopher Columbus ________ the 'new world' of the Americas with his ship.
A. was discovering
B. discovered
C. had discovered
D. would discover
9. “What will you play this evening, Sam?” Jade asked.
A. Jade asked Sam what she would play that evening.
B. Jade asked Sam what John played that evening.
C. Jade wanted to know what he and Sam would play that evening.
D. Jade wanted to know what Sam would play that evening.
10. “I don’t know what grandmother is doing in the garden,” said my brother.
A. My brother said that he didn’t know what grandmother was doing in the garden.
B. My brother said he doesn’t know what grandmother is doing in the garden.
C. My brother said that I don’t know what grandmother is doing in the garden.
D. My brother said that he hasn’t known what grandmother was doing in the garden.
11. They said that she had been driving through our village __________.
A. the last day
B. the previous day
C. yesterday
D. Sunday previously
12. The host said to us, “Don’t make noise in the private space.”
A. The host told us not to make noise in the private space.
B. The host ordered us not to make noise in the private space.
C. The host said to be quiet while in the private space.
D. The host asks me to not make any noise.
13. David asked his wife _______.
A. where she has been
B. where she had been
C. where has she been
D. where had she been
14. Marco says: “I like playing guitar.”
A. Marco says that he liked playing guitar.
B. Marco said that he has liked playing guitar.
C. Marco says that he likes to play guitar.
D. Marco said that he likes playing guitar.
15. Laura told me that she _______ her best in the IELTS exam the _______ day.
A. would do/following
B. had done/following
C. will do/previous
D. was going/previous
16. The guard said, “I gave her the hotline.”
A. The guard asked whether he should have given the hotline to her.
B. The guard informed me that he had given the hotline to her.
C. The guard said that she would give her the hotline.
D. The guard said to give the hotline to her.
Bài 3: Chuyển các câu trực tiếp dưới đây sang gián tiếp
1. "Where is the Ben Thanh market?" asked my new friend.
2. Jane shouted, "I am very busy now."
3. She says, 'I'm glad to be here tonight to celebrate your success."
4. "I know his name and phone number," said Taylor.
5. My grandfather said, "The dog has been fed early."
6. He said, "I am writing sweet letters for my lover."
7. "Call the second witness," said the police chief.
8. He said, "Will you marry me?"
9. "It is too late to meet each other," Alice said.
10. He said to me, "What did you get from your classmates?"
11. Mary said to everyone, "Go away now."
12. "Japanese is easy to learn," he said.
13. He told me, "Please sit here till I return."
14. My teacher said, "Be quiet and listen to my words to find answers."
Bài 4: Chuyển các câu gián tiếp sau sang trực tiếp
1. He told them that he had lost his gifts and theirs too.
2. My boyfriend said that he had led the game in the company hall.
3. The man says that those books are ours, but that one is his.
4. They say that they ought to keep their working space clean and clear.
5. My grandfather says that he has lost his way.
6. She told me that she didn’t believe me.
7. My mother said she was very angry with me for being late.
8. He requested Bob to complete it quickly.
9. He asked us when I was leaving.
ĐÁP ÁN:
2.1
1. Peter said he could not help us the next day.
2. My sister said that he worked at a post office.
3. He asked me what I was writing.
4. Kim accused us of stealing her wallet.
5. My mother told them to turn off the light.
6. My little sister said that she wanted a white skirt for her birthday.
7. Nataly invited them to come to her wedding party.
8. My maid said that breakfast would be served after 6 a.m
9. My classmate wanted to know whether he was going by motorbike.
10. She reminded me to turn off the air conditioner.
11. He told me that he didn’t like that pink pillow.
12. He asked me if I had seen the white dog.
13. My leader asked me what I would do if I had passed all of the challenges.
14. Harley asked him to give her the blue hat.
15. My dad asked me where I was going on my honeymoon that week.
2.2
1. B
2. C
3. D
4. C
5. C
6. B
7. A
8. C
9. B
10. A
11. A
12. A
13. D
14. C
15. A
16. B
Bài 3:
1. My new friend asked where the Ben Thanh market is/was.
2. Jane shouted that she was very busy then.
3. She says that she is glad to be here this evening to celebrate my success.
4. Taylor said that she knew/knows his name and phone number.
5. My grandfather said that the dog had been fed early.
6. He said that he was writing sweet letters for his lover.
7. The police chief commanded to call the second witness.
8. He asked everyone if I would marry him.
9. Alice said that it was too late to meet each other.
10. He asked me what I got from my classmates.
11. Mary ordered everyone to go away then.
12. He said that Japanese is/was easy to learn.
13. He asked me to sit there till she returned.
14. My teacher urged them to be quiet and listen to them to find the answers.
Bài 4:
1. “I have lost my gifts and yours too”, he told them.
2. My boyfriend said, “I led the game in the company hall.”
3. The girl says, “These books are theirs, but this one is mine.”
4. They say, “We ought to keep our working space clean and clear.”
5. My grandfather says, “I have lost my way.”
6. She said to me, "I don’t believe you."
7. My mother said, “I’m very angry with you for being late.”
8. He said to Bob, ‘Please complete it quickly’.
9. “When are you leaving?” He asked.
Trên đây là các kiến thức cơ bản và các dạng bài tập câu trực tiếp gián tiếp mà IELTS LangGo đã tổng hợp. Các bạn hãy ôn tập lại lý thuyết và làm các bài tập thực hành để nắm chắc kiến thức nhé.
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